Syphilis, also known as lues, belongs to the group of sexually transmitted infectious diseases. Infection with the pathogenic bacterium Treponema pallidum usually occurs through mucosal contact during sexual intercourse and is transmitted exclusively from person to person.
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During pregnancy and childbirth, an infected mother can infect her child. In the first stage, a typical red spot or lump appears at the entry site of the pathogen, which may develop into a weeping ulcer. Months later in the second stage, lymph node swelling, fever, headache, joint and muscle pain, and a non-itchy rash appear. After years of untreated syphilis, severe complications of organs, skin, blood vessels, and the nervous system occur.
Therapy: Treatment with penicillin.
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Size of pathogen: 15 µm
Incubation period: 14 - 21 days
Probability of death: up to 2
Annual infections: 12 million
Evidence since: 1905
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